In Finland, an ally of
Germany
in disciplining euro zone partners, European affairs minister Alexander
Stubb told Reuters he was confident Cyprus would accept EU rescue terms
"because there are no other options".
Cyprus is
expected to make a dramatic U-turn on Saturday to avert the imminent
threat of financial meltdown, having signaled it is willing to tax big
savers in its stricken banks to clinch a bailout from the European
Union.
The island's partners in the 17-nation
euro zone scheduled a meeting for Sunday in Brussels, in a strong sign they believe a solution is near.
As
hundreds of demonstrators faced off with riot police outside parliament
late into Friday night, lawmakers inside voted to nationalize pension
funds, pool state assets for a bond issue and peel good assets from bad
in stricken banks.
Officials said a
deal was imminent to raise 5.8 billion euros demanded by the EU in
return for a 10 billion euro ($13.00 billion) lifeline, including some
kind of levy on bank deposits, which could be voted on as soon as
Saturday.
Without a deal by Monday,
the European Central Bank has threatened to cut off cash for Cypriot
banks, spelling certain collapse and possible ejection from the euro.
Cyprus
moved perilously close to bankruptcy when its parliament threw out the
proposed levy on Tuesday, with Cypriots enraged by plans to hit small
holdings of ordinary savers as well as large accounts, many held by
foreign investors.
In the absence of the bank levy, Nicosia turned to
Russia,
whose citizens have billions of euros at stake in Cyprus's outsized
banking sector. But Finance Minister Michael Sarris returned from Moscow
empty-handed. On Friday he said the bank levy was back "on the table".
Party
officials told Reuters that discussions were centered on a levy on
depositors holding over 100,000 euros, sparing smaller savers. One
official said the tax could be limited to big savers at the island's
biggest lender, Bank of Cyprus, at a 20 percent rate.
Lawmakers
adopted a bill that would pave the way for the government to split its
failing lenders into good and bad banks. The measure is likely to target
Bank of Cyprus and No. 2 lender Cyprus Popular Bank, also known as
Laiki, and would make it easier for the government to safeguard deposits
that enjoy a state guarantee of up to 100,000 euros.
"With
the process of consolidation, the depositors over 100,000 euros will
wait for several years to see how much of their deposits they will
collect," said Averof Neophytou, deputy leader of the ruling Democratic
Rally party.
"At the same time,
this political decision to support this harsh law safeguards 100 percent
of the deposits of 361,000 depositors in Laiki Bank," he added,
referring to depositors with up to 100,000 euros.
The
pace of the unfolding drama has stunned Cypriots, who barely a month
ago elected conservative President Nicos Anastasiades on a mandate to
secure a bailout.
But lawmakers balked at hitting small savers with the bank levy, a rejection of the kind of strict austerity signed up to by
Portugal,
Ireland,
Greece, Spain and
Italy over the last three years of Europe's debt crisis.
Germany warned Cyprus it was "playing with fire".
Moody's
downgraded its credit rating on deposits in Cypriot banks to Caa3, just
two rungs from the bottom on its 11-grade scale of junk debt.
The
EU says the only way to find the 5.8 billion euros Cyprus needs to
contribute to the bailout of its banks is from the depositors who put
money in them.
The tottering banks
hold 68 billion euros in deposits, including 38 billion in accounts of
more than 100,000 euros - enormous sums for an island of 1.1 million
people which could never sustain such a big financial system on its own.
Much of the banks' capital was wiped out by investments in Greece.
Many
of the biggest depositors are foreigners, including rich Russians, and
European politicians are loathe to spend taxpayers' money on a bailout
if the depositors take no losses.
"EDGE OF AN ABYSS"
With
banks in Cyprus closed until Tuesday, Cypriots have been besieging bank
cash machines all week. Faced with an almost certain run on banks when
they reopen, parliament also gave the government the power to impose
capital controls.
"Our so-called
friends and partners sold us out," said Marios Panayides, 65, a
protester at the parliament. "They have completely abandoned us on the
edge of an abyss."
Retailers, facing cash-on-delivery demands from suppliers, warned
stocks were running low.
"At
the moment, supplies will last another two or three days," said Adamos
Hadijadamou, head of Cyprus's Association of Supermarkets. "We'll have a
problem if this is not resolved by next week."
The
Bank of Cyprus urged the government to go back and cut a deal with the
EU under which larger deposits over 100,000 euros would be taxed. It was
preferable, it said, to a collapse of the system and ejection from the
euro which would wipe out assets.
"There must be no further delay," the bank said.
Taking
a first step toward financial consolidation, Cyprus arranged on Friday
for the takeover of big Greek units of its two biggest banks by a Greek
competitor.
EU officials criticize
Cyprus for initially insisting any deposit levy should hit even small
savers. Cypriot leaders did not want to shift the whole burden to bigger
depositors in the apparent hope of saving Cyprus's offshore banking
industry.
German Chancellor Angela
Merkel told lawmakers that while she wanted to keep Cyprus in the euro
zone, it must first recognize it had no future as an offshore financial
center, two parliamentarians told Reuters.
Her
finance minister, Wolfgang Schaeuble, said that muted reactions to the crisis in financial
markets showed the euro zone was able to contain the Cyprus problem.
The
Dutch head of the euro zone finance ministers' group, Jeroen
Dijsselbloem, said the group wanted to keep Cyprus in the currency
union. But when asked, he did not rule out an exit.
"All
kinds of scenarios are possible and the scenarios we're focusing on are
to come to a joint solution in which Cyprus is saved but in which the
banking sector continues in a smaller but healthier form."
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